How to repair your car yourself

How do you choose car oil in different climates?

Oils in general are materials used to reduce corrosion and reduce the proportion of friction losses resulting from the movement of two surfaces upon contact, but the car engine oil performs many other functions.

1. Lubricate the moving parts of the engine to reduce friction between them.

2. Cool the engine and absorb some of the heat resulting from combustion and friction.

3. Clean the motor from impurities from the combustion products.

4. Protect the motor against rust and wear.

And this means that the need to provide certain specifications in the oil allows it to perform these functions for long periods such as the degree of performance and viscosity, among others. This is what we will learn in this

The subject, God willing

- Performance level of performance class or service level of engine oil

The performance level is defined as the ability of the oil to perform its functions, depending on the composition of the oil and its properties such as thickness, resistance to carbon formation and resistance to oxidation.

The performance level has been ranked globally in several classifications:

First: American Petroleum Institute API Performance Rating: American Petroleum Institute

This classification is based on the definition of the performance level of the oil using two characters as follows

The first letter: distinguish between gasoline and diesel engines so that the character (S) is used for gasoline engines and the C (boat) for diesel engines

Second letter: an ascending scale of the oil performance class begins with the letter A and ends with the letter M

These characters appear in a reference to the oil box as shown in the picture above, where (Figure 1) indicates the degree of performance of the oil

(Figure 2) indicates the degree of viscosity as it will be shown later

- Energy savings are sometimes added to gasoline engines or CI-4 PLUS in diesel engines (see Figure 3)

The meaning is similar in that both provide the engine's fuel consumption and oxidation resistance for long periods of time.

Classification Examples

API SE: Class E Gasoline Engine Oil

API SL: Class L gasoline engine oil is better than E level

API SM: Class M fuel oil (the highest and best fuel oil on the market)

API CD: D Diesel Engine Oil Level

CF API: Class F diesel is better than D level

API SJ / CF: gasoline for combined gasoline and diesel, fuel level J and diesel level F

Second: European classification of ACEA performance level

European Association of Automobile Manufacturers (ACEA): European Association of Automobile Manufacturers

This system depends on the classification of oil engines composed of letters and numbers:

Character: distinguishes between gasoline engine oil and diesel engine oil

A: For engines running on gasoline

B: For diesel engines

Figure: An ascending scale for the oil level starts at 1 and ends at 5

Examples:

ACEA A1: Level 1 petrol engine oil

ACEA A2: Level 2 petrol engine oil (above level 1)

ACEA B1: Engine oil level 1

ACEA B2: Level 2 Gas Oil

ACEA A2 / B2: Gasoline and Diesel Engine Oil, Level 2 Gasoline and Level 2 Diesel

ACEA A3 / B4: gasoline and diesel engine oil, level 3 gasoline and level 4 diesel

Degree of viscosity

Viscosity is the resistance of the oil to the flow, and the viscosity of the oil is determined by the ease with which the sliding of the oil,

The temperature affects the viscosity. The increase in temperature reduces the viscosity, that is to say it causes a loss of resistance of the oil while increasing its flow, which reduces the temperature of the oil and increases the oil

While he is losing something of his fluidity.

Therefore, the oil must have an appropriate viscosity at different temperatures (external temperature and engine temperature)

- How do we know the degree of viscosity?

The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) has developed a wife classification consisting of a number indicating the viscosity of the oil when examined in the laboratory.

Standard conditions

For example :

SAE 10: viscosity oil 10 during the in vitro examination

SAE 40: viscous oil 40 examined in vitro

If the label contains a number, it means that the oil has only one grade.

Oils with more than one viscosity have been developed Multi-grade The first two digits are marked with a letter "W" o